The Heritage of One Civilization     Moreover, the mathematical research papers written during the Renaissance were based mainly upon the opinions and suppositions of Khayyam while the chemistry-oriented texts in this era were also filled with the appropriate technical terms in Arabic language, due to lack of such terminologies in Latin. Although the undisputed impact of Islamic sciences on the enhancement of Man’s civilization is clearly acknowledged by numerous scientific communities around the world but, most unfortunately, the majority of people in the western countries are still unaware of this important fact. Islam and the arts Art has invariably carried a substantial weight in Islamic civilization whose focus is allotted to beauty, and God Almighty is the acme embodiment of this beauty. The marbles of Islamic art such as Ghortebeh mosque in Spain, Ghirvan in Tunisia, Ebn-e-Tavah’ran in Cairo and those in the East of the Islamic territory such as magnificent buildings and elegant mosques in Turkey and especially architectural masterpieces in Isfahan and Samarghand reflect unique aspects of the Islamic artistic spirit.   All of these artistic works symbolize the encoded message and a microcosm of the Islamic image of the universe. Despite regional distinctions between the Islamic esthetic schools, originating from various geographical locations wide apart in the world of Islam of which the Iranian school probably is the most ingenious and diverse, they all share certain principles. Most importantly, the use of delicate shapes, geometric patterns and the calligraphy reflect the essential particularity of the Islamic art-all tokens of the omnipresent God. In the fields of architecture, textiles, copper works and brass works Muslim artisans gained extensive experience from other civilizations particularly those of ancient Persian and the Byzantine. However, all these experiences later were entirely transformed into new distinctive figures and patterns all through Qura’anic inspiration.   Although specifically associated with the attributes of different existing racial and ethnic groups, within the world of Islam, such as Iranian, Turkish, Egyptian, Indian, Indonesian and Malaysian, this art clearly manifests the unity of Islamic artistic insight beyond its superficial diversity. The Islamic civilization in an interaction with the modern world: What has been presented so far is a brief depiction of an over whelming movement under the name of Islam and at the invitation of prophet Mohammad in the Arabian Peninsula around 600 A.D. This cause established prevailing scientific, artistic, mystical, political, and moral institutions among a world community whose population presently exceeds 1 billion. The strength and vitality of Islam are utterly tangible although the resulting civilization, due to numerous domestic and foreign invasions, does not vividly manifest its immortal dynamic progression.   The above mentioned attacks took on two distinctive forms: first, full-scale military invasions, and second the infiltration of propaganda and polluted ideas which both contaminated minds and distorted the divine image of Islam held in Muslim minds. Rich resources of art, urban planning, architecture, science, philosophy, and literature have either declined or undergone a dramatic change due to negative effects of “westernization.” Yet, these exquisite resources have, to some extent, survived the ravages of time. The social structure within the world of Islam especially the economic and political institutions have undergone severe strain which in turn led to tension and trouble. Currently, the social order set up on the basis of Islamic ideology and values has encountered antagonism and opposition, unprecedented in intensity and scale. To revive the progressive potentials of the Islamic ideology, important initiatives have been taken in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Egypt, Algeria, Pakistan, Syria, and Saudi Arabia. The greatest and the most recent social upheaval to reintroduce Islam and rejuvenate the divine principles materialized in the outburst of the popular protest against modern world’s hypocrisy in the Islamic revolution of Iran, led by late Imam Khomeini (PBUH), a spiritual humanitarian movement maliciously called by the western powers as Islamic fundamentalism, free from any rational and political objectivity.