Women and the Institution of Progress in the Islamic Republic of Iran "The prosperity of the world originates with women and the prosperity itself is unattainable without contemplation."     The statement above clearly reflects the viewpoint held by one of the greatest Muslim Iranian thinkers (Imam Mohammed Qazzali 1058-1111 AD) about the significant role of women in the development of human societies. Yet we should admit that the world history has not been fair and impartial towards women in general. During past centuries women not only were the concealed half of the society, but were also deprived of assuming their rightful social responsibilities and gaining their proper economic status. The advent of the "Industrial Revolution" in the West brought about profound changes in women' social life and the subsequent establishment of modern factories, offices and schools provided them with ample opportunities to emancipate themselves from the past entangling restraints and barriers. Until half a century ago in our own country, too, such social activities were not well received. The public held the opinion that, in comparison with men, the fair sex are helpless and weak beings. Nevertheless, the emergence of concept of the so-called "Modern Woman" in the West altered the conventional view in our country as well. In reaction to such historic restrictions women began to participate in various social activities. Unfortunately, due to lack of a clear definition for the pertinent duties and responsibilities of the mentioned segment in the pre-revolution years mere imitation, hollowness, superficiality and consumptiveness replaced their effective and constructive presence in the society.   The glorious Islamic Revolution certainly paved the way for the revival of true social identity of woman and the recognition of her indispensable roles both in society and at home. During the post-revolution years, once again, they were invited to participate in cultural and socio-economic activities and soon after the outbreak of the Imposed War women were also allotted a good share of the defence against the invading enemy. More importantly, the very men fighting in the fronts, getting crippled for life or martyred had been raised in the bosom of the same caring mothers or loving housewives.   Soon after the emergence of the Islamic Revolution the equal rights of both sexes, pertaining to "equal pay for equal work," was officially recognised and now according to the constitution women can take part in local and parliamentary elections. At present over 10 lady MPs sit on parlaiment while others are actively engaged in various committees, state and private organisations, and even publish their own exclusive periodicals. Women are cordially called up to gain numerous skills within cities and in villages. They currently assume 40% of the country's agricultural activities and at self-employment centres, cooperatives, and workshops the manufactured products are all presented for sale by women. Glorious Qur'an, the holy book of the Muslims, impartially addresses men and women and the Islamic society in Iran accordingly lays great emphasis upon this equality. In most Islamic countries including Iran women appear in public observing "Hejab", a special Islamic covering for women. Fortunately women are now the conspicuous half of our Islamic society whom are not only actively involved in meaningful social activities, but are also proudly ever present in the realms of politics and science while eagerly observing the mentioned dress code.